Each athlete and official is guaranteed their own bed over 17,000beds in total. The organising committee paid special attention to the after effects of the games on London, and what they could do to make sure the games left a lasting impression on London and the world. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. Mr Blair told BBC Five Live that he would be travelling to Singapore with the London delegation to stress the "complete 100% support" of politicians from all the major political parties in the country. The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. Olympic Park case study urban regeneration. ODA [Olympic Delivery Authority], 2015. 2 - A suburban area is located close to, but apart from, an urban area. This includes 4,000 trees, 74,000 plants and 60,000 bulbs, and 300,000 wetland plants. As of the time of the bid, projections for the cost of the 2012 Olympics were low. Make sure that the regeneration project benefits everyone. Increasing levels of ozone pollution are however a concern, but legislation and actions now in place are aimed at correcting that trend. Urban regeneration is when an urban area, such as a town or a city, is transformed by . One of the most prominent of the proposed legacy is the conversion of the Olympic Village into 3,600apartments, most of which will be affordable housing. The most prominent of these are arguably the processes of suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation. The Olympic Zone encompasses all of the facilities within the 500-acre (2km) Olympic Park in Stratford. Please view the Legacy Map to see the upgrades to the London Transport network in context. Whilst the Olympic Park would undoubtedly leave a strong sporting and environmental legacy for London, the magnitude of the project, including the planned upgrade and expansion of transport infrastructure, would require careful planning to ensure all facilities and rehabilitation projects were completed on time. The tables below show the social, economic, and environmental legacies' pros and cons. The Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy, in Portland Harbour, Dorset, on the south coast of England, would be used for the sailing events. Suburbanisation is the process of a large proportion of people relocating from town centres into the outskirts (suburbs). It seems likely that there was a political influence in the decision such as the French president insulting the Finnish delegation by complaining about the quality of Finnish food. In order to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012, new venues needed to be built. Although many things in the area were already changing, like the International station and Westfield shopping centre, the area was 'sold' to the IOC as in dire . Afterwards, it is predicted that this would support another 2,500 jobs. The organisers claimed that 3,000 new permanent jobs would be created, but opponents of the games were concerned that some of the 11,000 existing jobs in the Olympic Zone may be lost. The creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. How much did the regeneration of Stratford cost? 2012 was seen as a window of opportunity as observers saw Europe as the destination for the Games. The aftermath of the 2012 Olympic games has been quite a positive one, even though some of the changes that happened were short-lived. The organiser proposed that 3,000 new permanent jobs would be created by this event. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. sure first was Mario and sonic. The improvements and upgrades made have made a lasting legacy impact. Only 1 bus an hour from Monday to Saturday, Only 1 bus every 2 hours on Sunday. Regeneration through property development has the potential to create vibrant new communities. Stratford is now the 2nd most connected part of London, after King's Cross. All venues that will not have a planned use after the games are over will be built as temporary venues. Since the COVID-19 global pandemic, more and more people have been working from home. Its multicultural population meant that all countries would be well supported at the games. Many jobs were lost, the economy was shattered, the area became derelict and the land was heavily contaminated. Athletes have been closely involved in the planning of the Olympic Village. On this page, we look at the London Olympics of 2012 as a case study of the costs and benefits for one country hosting an international sports event. Another urban area that will potentially undergo regeneration in the near future is Croyde and the remainder of North Devon. Outline the political, social, economic and environmental reasons why London was chosen for the 2012 Games. The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Whether the Games were cost-effective depends very much on the perspective of the individual. Deindustrialisation happened throughout London in the 20th century, mainly in the East End. 7km from the city of London Underdeveloped area (see Table 1, Photos 5 and 6). People who could afford it moved away, leaving behind the poor(er) people of the communities. Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. Ensure an acceptance of all people, regardless of background. Also, the re-opening of the Royal Docks is causing economic growth. [1], The IOC noted that future negotiations were necessary to ensure the use of the Old Trafford and Villa Park football stadiums. In the wake of the problems that plagued the Millennium Dome, the intention was that there would be no white elephants after the games. For comparison, the 2004 games in Athens cost around 7billion (US$13.5billion) and estimates for the 2008 games in Beijing run between 10billion and 20billion (US$19billion and US$39billion). The choice of Stratford in London The area chosen for the main Olympic facilities was a relatively deprived part of London: The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London Traditionally, rural areas were seen as places to retire, for short leisure activities, or for those in the agricultural industry. These projects took different forms, had different stakeholders and operated over different durations. The waste and industrial land were cleaned. The area chosen for the main Olympic facilities was a relatively deprived part of London: GCSEs are a qualification gained at age 16. The UKs Home Office (the ministry of the interior) invested GBP 40 million in communications upgrades for Londons Underground, doubling radio capacity at key stations to help authorities deal with any emergency. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Built in 1977, near where the Olympic velodrome now stands, it was an experiment in creating close-knit communities to help vulnerable single people in east London. Some of the new facilities would be reused in their Olympic form, while others would be reduced in size and several would be relocated elsewhere in the UK. Suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation happen for many reasons, including a mixture of push (factors persuading people to move out of a place) and pull (factors attracting people to another place) factors. The site of the 2012 London Olympic Games Lower Lea Valley, Newham Borough (Stratford and New Town Ward), East London. However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. This park was developed on existing waste and industrial land, at grid reference TQ379849, just seven minutes by Olympic Javelin train from central London. Financial: the British government was ready to back any over-spend on the construction of Games facilities. People may move to rural areas to improve their health and mental well-being. Deindustrialisation and the closure of the Royal Docks. The average ticket price was set to be 40 (US$77)[32] and 75% of all tickets would cost less than 50 (US$97),[35] prices that Magliano says are reasonably accessible to almost everyone in Britain. There are also now academic options for pupils between 3 and 18. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. the media centre, where 20,000 people worked during the Games, was planned for conversion into one of Europes largest data storage centres, Eventual cost nearly 10 billion paid for by lottery fund so other things lose out e.g. Nearby Saunton Sands, Braunton Burrows and Baggy Point were used by American soldiers to practise for the D-day landings. They will be able to accommodate elite, development, local club and community users. What kind of issues? Economic - due to improved infrastructure, it has better connections to the rest of London. Dessibourg, Hales, and Mendoza Pea, 2017. Stratford was and still is a deprived area. For example, the Host Borough of Newham had 4,364 residents employed by LOCOG or by their contractors and a further 5,518 employed indirectly on the Games in the lead-up and at Games time. It would not last long, however. It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. This leads to a loss of jobs which in turn often causes poverty. We will see a 1.1 billion 'culture boost' happening soon. How can regeneration solve urban problems? Summary - Freiburg - sustainable urban living geography gcse. Take a walking tour of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to find out how the space has been transformed since the 2012 Games. Other cities have fared less well with the legacy of such complex and expensive events. Urban regeneration case studies, as the name suggests, are examples of regeneration projects occurring in urban areas. This site has a great number of additional sources that you could explore, for example if you are looking at the Olympics for the purposes of an extended essay. This brought in a lot of work opportunities, and most of these workers lived in the same town, which eventually became known as Stratford New Town. Why? Stratford was chosen because it was the most deprived community of the UK, it already had existing waste and industrial land, and it was located within 7 minutes of the City. It will bring more cars into the area, as people take their own car (or a hired car). There are a lot of great places to eat, drink and relax, from cafes and restaurants to theatres. Some venues were built as permanent venues and got new use after the games. During the Victorian Era, the Metropolitan Building Act, the new railway, and the creation of the Royal Docks accelerated industrialisation. Green areas were created along the river banks. Regeneration can solve help the urban problems such as taking derelict, polluted, brown-field places to be restored and used for new purposes. Disability organisations including the Autism Awareness Campaign UK were confident that the Olympic and Paralympic Games would encourage people across the disability spectrum to take up sport. East London, and mainly Stratford, was regenerated for the 2012 Olympics, costing around 10 billion. 1: Regeneration in the UK (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blakenhall_Gardens_regeneration_in_Wolverhampton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3397592.jpg) by Roger Kidd (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/12192) licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Supporting tourism growth and development in northern Devon. The conversion of the media and press centre into a creative industries centre for East London. Economically, the Games occurred during the recovery from the global financial crisis of 2008-10, and many people felt that the approximate cost of GBP10bn to be too high, despite the lasting benefits to the environment and the future of the economy. Hit by de-industrialisation, the area received minimal investment but a creative spirit ran firmly through its communities. A town centre, like an urban area more generally, is a common place targeted by regeneration projects. The aquatics centre and its 50m pool can now be used by the community, schools and athletes alike. To be sure that important venues and stadiums do not go to waste, the organising committee has planned what to do with them after the games. Create and find flashcards in record time. 1 - Map of London showing Stratford Google Maps 2022. This makes Stratford a good place to live. Public transport and infrastructure were significantly improved. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. There are excellent schools. [29], Approximately 8.0million tickets were proposed to be available for the Olympics, and 1.5million tickets for the Paralympics. Some of the support can be attributed to the city's "Back the Bid" campaign, which included the slogan on posters that were hung around London in the months leading up to the decision to award the 2012 Games to London. Since there is no need to commute to cities and towns, people choose more aesthetically pleasing places to live. I applied to just two schools - Stanford and one Ivy League. There were also to be many upgrades to National Rail services with the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, a new high-speed rail link, several new stations and upgrades to stations such as King's Cross St Pancras. Stratford's deindustrialisation, along with the closure of the Royal Docks, had a massive impact. [30][31] and the London Organising Committee planned on selling a total of 6.5million (an 81% sellout) Olympic tickets, and a 63% sellout for Paralympic tickets. The 2012 London Olympics bid was partly successful on the understanding that Stratford would be used during the games and regenerated for local people to use after the competitors had left. Negatives: The Olympic stadium is estimated to have cost 701 million pounds, almost 3 times the original estimate [4] The games were won without a commitment to deliver Crossrail by 2012. This closure led to massive unemployment and social problems across East London, and Stratford was no exception. The city beat the favourite Paris 54 to 50 on the fourth and final ballot. However, rural areas have seen a recent increase in population due to counter-urbanisation. What is the best time to visit Croyde and why? Humble Beginnings Pre-Olympics, Stratford was viewed as being too far east to be considered a viable home for most businesses who operated from Central London. Stratford is located in east London, about 7 miles northeast of Central London. Why was Stratford chosen for the Olympics? The infrastructure was significantly improved for the whole area. The UK won the bid over Paris, New York City, Moscow and Madrid. Explain what the legacy for the sports venues was? The UK won, and the planned legacies were put into action. Regeneration case studies help us to understand the different approaches to regeneration and see what impacts they have on the population and environment. An impressive 85 per cent of UK schools signed up to this programme. Perhaps most important, is to include the locals in these regeneration projects. 1978: Eleven die in sleeper train inferno. Stratford's status, along with the already. Before industrialisation, Stratford was an agricultural community. Counter-urbanisation is the process of a large proportion of people relocating from urban areas to rural areas and is seen as the opposite of urbanisation. It is now called the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Deindustrialisation and the closure of the Royal Docks. Stratford, one of the country's most deprived areas, would become a "model for social inclusion", while millions of kids would take up sport for life. The remaining venues were proposed to be completed between 2007 and the start of the games. The first phase, which involves the development of 4,200residential buildings and other accommodations for the village, began in 2008. Stratford was also chosen for the 500-acre Olympic Park as the area already had existing waste and industrial land. Social - new homes were built, with around 1/3 of those becoming more affordable. When a plan was formed to create a new urban quarter around Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, in Stratford, we were at the heart of the ambition to make it a leading destination to live, work, learn, and connect. Afterwards, an estimated 2,500 jobs are available. Fig. 3. The London Olympic Athletes Village is the largest sustainable homes project in the UK. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. This led to the multiplier effect. Many disability organisations including the Autism Awareness Campaign UK urged all people with disabilities to back the London 2012 bid. Waterways were improved so they would be suited for the new Olympic Park. For example, London will have paid for an 80,000-seat athletics stadium, but will only possess a 25,000-seat stadium. It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. 450million from sponsorship and official suppliers. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. In addition, the government proposed to create the Olympic Delivery Authority, which would oversee the construction of venues and see that the games are lived out past 2012.[27]. Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption, Multidimensional development and the SDGs, Patterns and trends in leisure and tourism, Leisure hierarchy and sphere of influence, 3. There is also the Westfield Stratford City shopping centre, the largest urban shopping mall in Europe. No. Public transport, an aspect of the bid which scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation,[26] was planned to see numerous improvements, including the expansion of the London Underground's East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the temporary "Olympic Javelin" service. Sign up to highlight and take notes. What happened when the Manchester Docks closed? Part of the aims of the Olympics was to completely transform an area of East London that is lagging behind the rest, East London. It contains the Olympic stadium, now known as the London Stadium, and the Olympic swimming pool together with the athletes' Olympic Village and . The construction of all the buildings creates 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of those for local residents. Additionally there were concerns that unions, including the RMT, would strike near or during the proceedings for bonuses and that construction deadlines would not be met. The London Olympics have brought many positive things to Stratford, although there have also been some negatives. The London 2012 Olympics was set against ambitious promises of lasting change, from "inspire a generation" to "regenerate an entire community ". Stratford was and still is a deprived area. Ken Livingstone, then the mayor of London, made it perfectly clear why the Olympics would be a boon. Check out our explanation of Urban and Rural spaces to learn more! https://journalistsresource.org/studies/government/infrastructure-government/economic-and-cultural-benefits-of-the-olympics-research-roundup Accessed 17 January 2018. Social - new homes were built, with around 1/3 of those becoming more affordable. existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. It should be remembered that London is already the worlds second most globalised city (Dessibourg, Hales, and Mendoza Pea, 2017) and has been in that position since the index began in 2008. This can negatively affect the environment (pollution), traffic (jams), and the availability of parking spaces. This makes Stratford a good place to live if you have children. They are quite widely spread across central and west London: Three of the venues were just outside Greater London:[20]. [30] Paralympic tickets go on sale on 9 September 2011. [32] Olympic tickets go on sale on 15 March 2011[33] and should remain on sale until the start of the event, depending on availability. B Messrs Singh, Directors, Lucky Wholesale Company, 2007 Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. New wildlife habitats and green spaces have been created. The Olympic Park was a Brownfield site having suffered from Deindustrialisation. It was one of the most deprived communities in the country, unemployment was high, and health levels were poor. Zimbalist, 2018. A tri-generation plant to supply electricity, heat and chilled water to the Olympic Park using technology which produces 33% lower. This is down to a few factors: With more and more people moving to rural areas, some regeneration may be needed. When the Metropolitan Building Act restricted dangerous and toxic industries from operating in the metropolitan area, many businesses relocated to the river banks. in North Devon, South West England. Content and case studies in context for post-16 Geography. [28], Additionally, there were to be two major park and ride sites off the M25 within 25 minutes of the Olympic Park capable of holding 12,000 cars. London 2012 was the successful bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics, held in London with most events taking place in Stratford in the borough of Newham.The British Olympic Association had been working on the bid since 1997, and presented its report to government ministers in December 2000.. 2016. The British Olympic Association had been working on the bid since 1997, and presented its report to government ministers in December 2000. Outside of London the success was not universally welcomed, with fears that the event would divert funding from the rest of the country and that the rest of the United Kingdom would be forced to help fund it, for no benefit.
